Tag: Performance
57 posts
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Python asyncio in Practice: Event Loops, Async Context Managers, Concurrency Limits and Debugging
Use Python asyncio correctly: how the event loop runs coroutines, capping concurrency with Semaphore, async context managers, and when threads fit better.
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Finding and Fixing Slow React Renders: memo, useMemo, useCallback, Code Splitting and Profiling
Measure React re-renders with DevTools and the Profiler API, then fix them with React.memo, useMemo, useCallback, virtualization and code splitting.
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Redis Internals and Usage: The Event Loop, Encodings, RDB vs AOF, Replication and Cluster
Deep dive into Redis: single-threaded event loop, SDS and skiplist encodings, RDB vs AOF persistence, PSYNC replication backlog, Sentinel, Cluster.
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MongoDB Internals for Production: WiredTiger, ESR Indexes, Sharding and Oplog Replication
MongoDB internals: WiredTiger cache and checkpoints, oplog replication, sharding chunks and mongos routing, index strategies (ESR), and production.
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MySQL Under the Hood: InnoDB Buffer Pool, MVCC Isolation, the Optimizer and Binlog Replication
Deep MySQL guide: InnoDB buffer pool and WAL, MVCC and isolation, cost-based optimizer, binlog replication, plus indexing, partitioning, and production.
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Astro View Transitions Advanced Guide — Smooth Page
Astro ClientRouter and View Transitions: transition:name, animate, persist, custom keyframes, fallbacks, accessibility, and performance for MPAs.
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Building a REST API with Axum: Tower Services, Extractors, State and Error Handling
Build Rust HTTP services with Axum: Tokio and Tower, routing, extractors, middleware, shared state, errors, WebSocket, and production-ready REST patterns.
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What Bun 1.1 Changed: Windows Support, Bundler, Test Runner and Reading Benchmarks
Bun 1.1: Windows support, bun install/run speed, bundler & test runner, Node/npm comparison, Next.js/React/Astro, Docker, CI, and hosting-focused deploy.
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Turbopack in Next.js: Incremental Computation, What It Supports and How It Compares to Webpack
What Turbopack changes in Next.js dev builds: incremental computation, CSS and Tailwind support, gaps compared with webpack, and how to migrate safely.
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Qwik and Resumability: Instant-Loading Apps with routeLoader$, routeAction$ and Qwik City
Building instant-loading web apps with Qwik: how resumability differs from hydration, event handling, stores, routeLoader$ and routeAction$, Qwik City routing, and lifecycle hooks.
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Preact as a 3KB React Alternative: Hooks, Signals, preact/compat and Where It Differs
Building fast web apps with Preact: core concepts, hooks, React compatibility via preact/compat, Signals, routing, server-side rendering, and the differences from React that matter.
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Redis Caching Patterns in Node.js: Cache-Aside, Write-Through, Refresh-Ahead and Stampedes
Redis caching in Node.js with working code: cache-aside, write-through, write-behind and refresh-ahead compared, stampede locks, pub/sub invalidation, eviction policy, and what happens when Redis is down.
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esbuild in Practice: CLI and JS API, Watch Mode, Plugins and Dual ESM/CJS Library Builds
Bundling and transforming JavaScript and TypeScript with esbuild: the CLI and Node.js API, watch mode and dev server, plugins, library builds for ESM and CJS, and the transform API.
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Elysia on Bun: Type-Safe Routes, Validation, Plugins and End-to-End Types with Eden
Build APIs with Elysia on Bun: routing, TypeBox validation that types your handlers, hooks, plugins, JWT, WebSocket, and Eden Treaty for client-side types.
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C++ Performance Optimization: Measure First, Then Copies, Allocations, Cache and Compiler Flags
A measured approach to C++ performance: profile first, remove hidden copies, reserve allocations, fix memory access order, and use -O2/-O3, -march and LTO without the common traps.
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C++ RVO and NRVO: Copy Elision and Why return std::move(local) Backfires
RVO vs NRVO, C++17 guaranteed elision for prvalues, why std::move on return blocks NRVO, what benchmarks really show, and a practical checklist.
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C++ Move Errors
Understand use-after-move, what std::move really does, move constructors, RVO, and ten common mistakes—so you can fix crashes and avoid undefined behavior.
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How Webpack 5 Builds a Bundle: Dependency Graph, Tapable Hooks, Loaders, Splitting and Tree Shaking
Webpack 5 deep dive: dependency graph, Tapable hooks, loader pipeline, code splitting, tree shaking, and production caching.
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PostgreSQL Query Optimization: pg_stat_statements, EXPLAIN ANALYZE, Indexes and VACUUM
Find slow PostgreSQL queries with pg_stat_statements and EXPLAIN ANALYZE, then fix them with the right indexes, VACUUM, PgBouncer and postgresql.conf tuning.
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Next.js Performance: Measure First, Then Images, Bundle Splitting, Caching and Core Web Vitals
Speed up Next.js by measuring with the bundle analyzer first, then optimizing images, splitting bundles, tuning App Router caching, and fixing LCP, CLS and INP.
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Nginx from the Inside Out: Event Loop and Workers, Config Inheritance, Proxying, TLS and Caching
Nginx guide: event loop & workers, config inheritance, load-balancing algorithms, production patterns—plus reverse proxy, SSL/TLS, caching, and tuning.
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From HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/3: Head-of-Line Blocking, Multiplexing, QUIC, WebSocket and SSE
How HTTP evolved from HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/2 multiplexing and HTTP/3 over QUIC, and when WebSocket or Server-Sent Events fit better for real-time updates.
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Docker Multi-Stage Builds: Smaller Images, Layer Caching, BuildKit Cache Mounts and Secret Leaks
Shrink Docker images from over 1GB to a fraction of that with multi-stage builds. Layer caching, cache invalidation, and secret leakage explained.
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Edge Functions and Serverless: Cloudflare Workers vs Lambda@Edge, Cold Starts and Trade-offs
What edge functions are good and bad at: Cloudflare Workers vs Lambda@Edge vs Deno Deploy, what actually reduces cold starts, KV/D1/R2 storage patterns, real limits, security and cost.
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MongoDB Schema Design: Embed vs Reference and the Patterns That Follow
MongoDB schema design around access patterns: when to embed vs reference, one-to-few vs one-to-many, bucket, outlier, computed and versioning patterns, indexes, validation, and the trade-offs in write contention and consistency.
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Reading MySQL EXPLAIN: Index Design, Statistics and Slow Query Fixes
How to read MySQL EXPLAIN and EXPLAIN ANALYZE output, design composite and covering indexes, refresh statistics with ANALYZE TABLE and histograms, and diagnose the queries that still ignore your index.
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A Systematic Debugging Method: Reproduce, Isolate, Test a Hypothesis, and Read Stack Traces
A step-by-step debugging method (reproduce, isolate, test a hypothesis) plus stack traces, common JavaScript and Python errors, DevTools and Node.js debugging.
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How Go Slices Really Work: Header Layout, append Growth, Shared Backing Arrays and Pitfalls
Go slice internal structure, memory allocation mechanism, capacity vs length, append operation principles, performance optimization techniques.
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Edge Functions with Cloudflare Workers: KV, D1, Caching and Wrangler Deploys
Building Cloudflare Workers that hold up in production: the isolate model, routing, KV consistency, D1 migrations, the Cache API's limits, and Wrangler deploys.
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Node.js Performance: Clustering, Caching, and Profiling
Node.js performance in practice: measure before tuning, cluster across cores, cache without stampedes, fix N+1 queries, keep the event loop free, and profile with --cpu-prof and clinic.js.
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Optimizing a Slow Python CSV Job Step by Step, with Measured Timings
A measured walkthrough of a slow Python CSV job: reading cProfile correctly, hoisting loop invariants, NumPy vectorization, and why Pool made it slower.
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Kotlin Coroutines vs Threads: Cost, Dispatchers, Structured Concurrency and Cancellation
Comparison of Kotlin coroutines and OS threads: lightweight concurrency, memory overhead, scheduling, structured concurrency, Dispatchers.
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C++ vs Python: Which Language Should You Learn?
C++ vs Python compared for beginners: speed, difficulty, memory, jobs, and learning curves—with benchmarks, checklists, and when to pick each language.
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Caching in C++ Services: A Thread-Safe LRU+TTL Cache, Redis Cache-Aside and Stampede Protection [#50-8]
Caching in a C++ service: an O(1) LRU+TTL cache using splice, sharded locks, hiredis cache-aside with timeouts, single-flight loads and TTL jitter.
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Cache-Friendly C++: Data-Oriented Design and AoS vs SoA
Data-oriented design for C++ performance: AoS vs SoA layout, cache lines, false sharing, alignas, benchmarking with perf, and ECS patterns for games.
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C++ Lock-Free Programming: CAS, ABA, and Memory Order
Replace mutex hot spots with atomics and CAS: a lock-free stack, Michael-Scott and SPSC queues, picking a memory_order, and fixing ABA with tagged pointers.
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Python Meets C++: High-Performance Engines with pybind11
Bind C++ to Python with pybind11: minimal modules, CMake/setuptools builds, NumPy buffers, GIL release, wheels, and production patterns.
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Profiling C++ Before Optimizing: perf, gprof, Flame Graphs and Finding the Real Bottleneck
Measure before you optimize: C++ profiling with Linux perf, gprof, flame graphs, std::chrono, and Valgrind.
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C++17 Parallel Algorithms: Execution Policies, Toolchain Support, and Why Exceptions Call terminate
Using std::execution::par and par_unseq with sort, transform and reduce: what each policy permits, TBB and compiler support, data races, std::terminate on exceptions, and when it pays off.
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C++ Move Constructor: rvalue Stealing & noexcept Best
C++ move constructors: rvalue resource transfer, copy vs move, vector and noexcept, self-move, and when not to std::move return locals.
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C++ Move Semantics: Copy vs Move Explained
C++11 move semantics: rvalue references, std::move, Rule of Five, noexcept move constructors—copy vs move performance and safe usage patterns.
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C++ Exception Performance: Zero-Cost, noexcept, and Error
C++ exception model: zero-cost on success path, cost of throw and unwind, noexcept and vector moves, frequent errors vs exceptions, and -fno-exceptions.
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Why Is My C++ Program Slow? Find Bottlenecks with Profiling
The algorithm is right but C++ code is still slow: find hotspots with perf, flame graphs and Visual Studio, then fix copies, allocations and cache misses.
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C++ Performance Optimization Case Study
Speeding up a slow C++ REST endpoint step by step: a baseline harness, perf profiling, a hash index, fewer string copies, reserved buffers, and why parallel JSON is the step to doubt.
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C++ map vs unordered_map: Complexity, Pitfalls, and When to Use Each
map vs unordered_map: sorted red-black tree vs hash table. Complexity, range queries, the operator[] insertion pitfall, erasing while iterating, iterator invalidation, and custom key hashing.
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C++ Array vs vector: Performance, Safety, and When to Use
C arrays, std::array, and std::vector compared: where the memory lives, pointer decay, bounds checks, copy semantics, and where the real performance cost is.
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C++ string vs string_view: Fast, Non-Owning String Handling
std::string vs std::string_view: avoid copies in read-only APIs, allocation costs, lifetime rules, substring performance, and null-termination caveats.
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C++ vector reserve vs resize: When to Use Which
vector::reserve changes capacity only while resize changes size and constructs elements. Covers the v[i]-after-reserve bug, growth rules, and reserve-in-a-loop.
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C++ emplace vs push: Performance and Move Semantics
When emplace_back really beats push_back: in-place construction, how move semantics narrow the gap, and traps with explicit constructors and exceptions.
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std::function vs Function Pointers vs Template Callables in C++: Type Erasure Cost, SBO and C Interop
std::function vs function pointer vs template in C++: why capturing lambdas cannot convert, when std::function allocates, move-only captures, C void* data.
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C++ Cache Optimization: Locality, False Sharing, SoA vs AoS
Improve CPU cache efficiency in C++: spatial locality, matrix layout, struct packing, prefetching, blocking, false sharing, and alignment for SIMD.
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C++ Sorting: std::sort, stable_sort, partial_sort and nth_element
Compare C++ std::sort, stable_sort, partial_sort, and nth_element: custom comparators, partial sorts, median selection, and practical STL sorting patterns.
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C++ Benchmarking: steady_clock, Warmup, Statistics and Google Benchmark
Benchmark C++ code without fooling yourself: steady_clock, dead-code elimination, setup outside the timer, median and p95 over mean, and Google Benchmark usage.
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What Changed in Astro 4: Dev Toolbar, Content Collections v2 and View Transitions
Astro 4 build and dev performance, Content Collections v2 (loaders and schema), View Transitions, dark mode, and deployment on Vercel, Netlify.
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Speeding Up Slow SQL: Index Design, Reading EXPLAIN, N+1 Queries, Joins and Subqueries
How B-Tree indexes work, how to order composite index columns, how to read EXPLAIN, why an existing index sometimes goes unused (functions, leading wildcards, OR, type conversion), fixing N+1 queries, and a find-fix-measure workflow for MySQL and PostgreSQL.
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Speeding Up Turborepo Builds: Cache Outputs, Task Graph, Remote Cache and Filtering
How to make Turborepo builds faster in practice: correct outputs and inputs, a lean task graph, environment variables in the cache key, Remote Cache, and running only affected packages in CI. Uses Turborepo 2.x turbo.json syntax.
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Building Static Sites with Astro: Component Islands, Content Collections and Multi-Framework UI
Building fast static sites with Astro: component islands, content collections, mixing React/Vue/Svelte components, API routes, and deployment, with practical examples.